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The Heason manipulator will position sample for soft X-ray scanning

Abstract:
Heason Technology has won a £250,000 order from Synchrotron Soleil, the French national synchrotron facility and research laboratory, to design and manufacture a 14-axis nano-scale manipulator to position samples.

Nano-scale manipulator for French synchrotron

France | Posted on July 19th, 2009

Four separate nano-positioning manipulators will be combined to provide the 14 axes that will be used to position samples and optics for an exciting new soft x-ray scanning photoemission microscope project called ANTARES.

ANTARES will provide the global scientific community with the means to examine structures at the atomic level and will be of benefit to pioneering research in soft condensed matter in areas of interest, such as microelectronics and nanotechnology.

It will benefit from a new and powerful Scanning PhotoEmission Microscope (SPEM) technique that will use the Heason Technology designed manipulators to both focus the beam and perform sample scanning with nanometre precision in combination with three independent detectors producing precise sample mapping, revealing the location of the elements, their relative abundances, and their chemical state.

ANTARES' motion requirements involve linear and rotary positioning of the sample with a 5-axis nanometre resolution manipulator in combination with three separate, 3-axis, beam modification manipulators to ensure nanometre-level linear alignment of the specialist optical system that comprises several Fresnel Zone plates, an order sorting aperture (OSA) and a pinhole. Each of the four manipulators will be arranged on an intricate adapter plate system to effectively form a single assembly which is housed inside a 550 mm inner-diameter vacuum chamber that also includes a granite isolation plate base, laser interferometer optics, and various other components including the experiments' complex detector systems.

The challenge to design a customised solution within the severe space restriction of the 10-10 mbar ultra-high vacuum chamber is intensified by the need to limit magnetic materials throughout the manipulators' bearing and mechanical support system as well as restrict motor heat to within a desired operational temperature and range of 25º C, +/- 1º C with vacuum bake-out temperatures up to 120º C.

Such design specifications are considered to be unusual but not impossible by Heason Technology's design engineers. Heason will choose ceramic servomotor technology from its specialist partner Nanomotion to ensure the high precision motion, non-magnetic and low thermal characteristics for each manipulator axis including both rotary positioners for sample positioning. A further benefit of the technology is the Nanomotion ceramic motor's ability to hold and lock position with zero position shift when power is removed to further ensure temperature stability.

Each axis will include Renishaw optical encoders with either 0.1 or 0.05 micron feedback resolution to ensure the overall positioning specification is achieved. To maintain the low magnetic requirement, ensure the high stiffness and minimise harmonic sensitivity within the positioning system, specialised stainless steel cross roller bearings with low magnetic permeability will be used. Where possible, within the tight dimensions provided by the vacuum chamber, all axes will include overtravel switches and datum position switches for homing the complete assembly.

Heason will also provide its customer with detailed manufacturing and electrical scheme documentation, design and motor sizing calculations, and material selection information for the complete project. Through the design phase Heason design engineers will liaise with Synchrotron Soleil scientist and engineering teams to develop the final design in conjunction with the selection of other specialised components that will also be housed in the vacuum chamber whose dimensions are not yet finalised.

As expected with such pioneering research, the design specification includes areas that require detailed evaluation before a final specification can be defined. One such area is the provision of single vertical axis for the sample positioner which is used to set a course position at initial set-up and will be satisfied with a stepper motor drive. During the design phase, Heason will carry out full evaluation to determine whether this motor is to be located within or outside the vacuum chamber.

The contract also includes full acceptance tests and site visits to Synchrotron Soleil to assist with installation. During the design phase and at installation, Heason will also liaise with Synchrotron Soleil's motion control system supplier to provide specialist software support. This includes developing an auto homing routine so that all axes can safely establish a datum position without collision, and a thermal prediction program for each the ceramic motors based upon duty cycle and environmental conditions. These requirements will also be pre-calculated and determined using a separate motion controller at Heason Technology during the design phase with the main parameters transferred to Synchrotron Soleils' existing motion control system.

The expected installation date for the complete system is during the autumn of 2009 with acceptance tests and full commissioning by early 2010.

About Synchrotron SOLEIL and ANTARES

SOLEIL is an optimized 2.75 GeV synchrotron light source of 3rd generation based some 25 km south of Paris. The first 10 beamlines are actually operational and open to users since 2006. A total of 26 beamlines will be operational by 2011 covering the whole energy range from IR to hard X-rays and providing a complete panel of synchrotron radiation based outstanding experimental tools for Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Earth and Environmental Sciences. A permanent staff of 350 people forming the Experiments, Source and Accelerators Divisions, Technical and Computer Support Services and Administration will operate the installation for users and in-house research.

As one of the latest beamlines at the Synchrotron Radiation SOLEIL facility, ANTARES (Analysis Nano-spoT Angle Resolved photoEmission Spectroscopy beamline) will offer an X-ray nanoprobe able to combine four powerful non-destructive techniques - angle resolved photoemission (ARPES), core level photoemission (XPES), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and x-ray fluorescence (XRF). While these traditional spectroscopic techniques are element-specific probes of the electronic and chemical properties, by using them with the benefit of a sizable probe at variable scaling between nanometre and micrometre, the Antares beamline will be capable of shedding light on an endless number of current puzzles of nanotechnology, corrosion, magnetism, chemistry, catalysis and exotic materials among others. Moreover, the availability of versatile well defined linear and circular polarisations of the photon beam will allow the study of anisotropic properties of matter as well as chiral molecular complexes by dichroism experiments.